{"id":17802,"date":"2020-09-09T09:51:12","date_gmt":"2020-09-09T07:51:12","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/?p=17802"},"modified":"2026-09-03T06:42:20","modified_gmt":"2026-09-03T04:42:20","slug":"addiction-extrapyramidal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/addiction-et-dependance\/sortir-de-la-dependance\/addiction-extrapyramidal\/","title":{"rendered":"Addiction : extrapyramidal"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">C\u2019est un terme \u00e9trange qui n\u2019a rien \u00e0 voir avec les pyramides \u00e9gyptiennes, mais bien avec une structure du cerveau appel\u00e9e la pyramide, qui d\u2019ailleurs n\u2019intervient pas ici, car il s\u2019agit de troubles moteurs qui ne passent justement pas par cette pyramide. D\u2019o\u00f9 le \u00ab extra \u00bb, qui signifie ici \u00ab en dehors \u00bb.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Les antipsychotiques agissent notamment sur le m\u00e9tabolisme de la dopamine dans le cerveau, qui intervient dans les \u00e9motions, et c\u2019est une tr\u00e8s bonne chose. Il existe cependant aussi des circuits dopaminergiques \u00e0 d\u2019autres endroits du cerveau, qui subissent eux aussi l\u2019influence de ces m\u00e9dicaments, ce que nous pr\u00e9f\u00e9rerions \u00e9viter, car cela explique leurs effets secondaires.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Ceux-ci peuvent se manifester au niveau de la motricit\u00e9, notamment par une raideur musculaire et une akathisie. Un mot \u00e0 oublier. Il d\u00e9signe l\u2019incapacit\u00e9 \u00e0 rester assis tranquillement, avec une tendance \u00e0 pi\u00e9tiner sur place lorsque l\u2019on est cens\u00e9 rester immobile. Cela peut \u00eatre tr\u00e8s p\u00e9nible, tout comme les tremblements, le \u00ab tremor \u00bb, et d\u2019autres mouvements ind\u00e9sirables des membres, auxquels peut s\u2019ajouter un visage sans expression, parfois accompagn\u00e9 de tics.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cela ressemble au tableau que l\u2019on observe dans la maladie de Parkinson. Ces ph\u00e9nom\u00e8nes sont \u00e9galement d\u00e9sign\u00e9s sous le terme de parkinsonisme. La diminution de la dose ou l\u2019arr\u00eat du traitement fait g\u00e9n\u00e9ralement dispara\u00eetre les sympt\u00f4mes, mais lors d\u2019un usage prolong\u00e9 \u00e0 une dose importante, l\u2019EPS peut \u00e9voluer vers un parkinsonisme et une dyskin\u00e9sie tardive. Ce dernier terme d\u00e9signe toutes sortes de tics et de mouvements involontaires qui \u00e9chappent au contr\u00f4le volontaire et peuvent \u00eatre g\u00eanants sur le plan social.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Cela n\u2019est souvent plus r\u00e9versible. L\u2019arr\u00eat du traitement peut entra\u00eener une am\u00e9lioration, mais les sympt\u00f4mes ne disparaissent souvent pas compl\u00e8tement, avec des aggravations \u00e9pisodiques lors d\u2019un \u00e9tat d\u2019excitation. Les m\u00e9dicaments classiques provoquaient assez fortement ces effets, les nouveaux beaucoup moins. C\u2019est pourquoi on les appelle \u00e9galement atypiques, parce qu\u2019ils pr\u00e9sentent moins de ces effets secondaires.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il est souvent n\u00e9cessaire d\u2019ajuster la dose au fil du temps, afin de pr\u00e9server l\u2019efficacit\u00e9 et d\u2019\u00e9viter les effets secondaires. Un inconv\u00e9nient important de certains de ces m\u00e9dicaments, notamment du point de vue de l\u2019Addiction, est qu\u2019ils peuvent augmenter l\u2019app\u00e9tence. Ainsi, un fumeur peut se mettre \u00e0 fumer davantage et une personne d\u00e9pendante \u00e0 la nourriture peut se mettre \u00e0 manger davantage.<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"font-weight: 400;\">Il faut surveiller attentivement le poids corporel, car lorsqu\u2019il augmente, certains de ces m\u00e9dicaments entra\u00eenent \u00e9galement un risque accru de diab\u00e8te.<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>C\u2019est un terme \u00e9trange qui n\u2019a rien \u00e0 voir avec les pyramides \u00e9gyptiennes, mais bien avec une structure du cerveau appel\u00e9e la pyramide, qui <a href=\"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/addiction-et-dependance\/sortir-de-la-dependance\/addiction-extrapyramidal\/\" class=\"more-link\">[&#8230;]<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":17803,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[381],"tags":[331],"class_list":["post-17802","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-sortir-de-la-dependance","tag-peter-van-breusegem","authors-peter-van-breusegem"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.2 - 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He studied German language and culture, specializing in linguistics and economics at the universities of Strasbourg, Berlin, and Lille. After a first career in marketing for the luxury hospitality sector in Brussels and London, he transitioned to teaching. He became a German teacher and an International Baccalaureate instructor of German and French at international schools in Asia\u2014in Beijing, Hanoi, Manila, and Kuala Lumpur. He then devoted nine years to private research in a variety of fields, culminating in the publication of a series of books. Olivier has been fascinated his whole life by the Far East and the contrasting philosophical intuitions it evokes. His focus gradually shifted from personal and intimate encounters, over language and culture to the deeper mechanisms of epistemology. During his years in Asia, he encountered Eastern thought, which prompted him to intensively investigate the structural differences in how civilizations perceive knowledge, value, and reality. 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His research was informed by thinkers such as Heraclitus, Laozi, Leibniz, Iain McGilchrist, Paul Mus, and Tran Duc Thao, whose insights paved the way for an innovative synthesis. Iain McGilchrist's hypothesis of hemispheric asymmetry, in particular, offered the final key to unlocking an epistemological impasse that had fascinated him for decades. His work represents both a culmination and a continuation of this age-old dialogue. Lichtenberg's intellectual journey began with intimate exposure to cultural boundaries from childhood, fostering an early sensitivity to the relativity of worldviews. His extended residence in Asia\u2014particularly transformative years in Beijing and Hanoi\u2014provided direct encounter with alternative epistemological frameworks that challenged Western assumptions about knowledge and reality. This experiential foundation sparked systematic inquiry into the mechanics of epistemology, leading to investigation of how different civilizations construct and validate knowledge. The author's multilingual background enabled access to primary sources across traditions, while his economic training provided analytical tools for examining the practical implications of philosophical divergence. Key intellectual influences emerged through engagement with overlooked thinkers: Hans F\u00fcrstenberg's dialectical vision of the 21st century revealed possibilities for synthesis beyond binary opposition; Iain McGilchrist's hemispheric analysis provided neurological grounding for civilizational differences; Ernst Bloch's metaphorical interpretation of religion suggested pathways beyond literal dogmatism. Paul Mus's cross-cultural mediation and Albert Schweitzer's universal ethics demonstrated practical applications of philosophical integration. The synthesis of these insights, combined with direct observation of East-West dynamics in contemporary Asia, enabled recognition of the profound epistemological crisis underlying current global tensions, transforming personal cultural curiosity into systematic analysis of civilizational psychology and its practical implications for human development.","sameAs":["https:\/\/eastwestsharing.blogspot.com\/%20","https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/@OlivierLichtenberg"],"url":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/author\/olivier\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17802","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/9"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=17802"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17802\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":17805,"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/17802\/revisions\/17805"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/17803"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=17802"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=17802"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=17802"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}