{"id":16998,"date":"2024-04-17T09:39:16","date_gmt":"2024-04-17T07:39:16","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/?p=16998"},"modified":"2026-08-09T09:12:48","modified_gmt":"2026-08-09T07:12:48","slug":"une-lumiere-a-lhorizon-pour-les-personnes-souffrant-daddiction","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/dirkvanbabylon.com\/fr\/addiction-et-dependance\/sortir-de-la-dependance\/une-lumiere-a-lhorizon-pour-les-personnes-souffrant-daddiction\/","title":{"rendered":"Une lumi\u00e8re \u00e0 l\u2019horizon pour les personnes souffrant d\u2019addiction"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dans son tout dernier livre \u00ab Psychologica \u00bb, le neuroscientifique Dean Burnett consacre un chapitre \u00e9clairant \u00e0 l\u2019addiction. Lors d\u2019un entretien, il nous en a dit davantage \u00e0 ce sujet ; nous avons le plaisir d\u2019en r\u00e9sumer ici les points essentiels pour vous.<\/span><\/p>\n

La naissance d\u2019une addiction<\/span><\/p>\n

Selon Dean Burnett, une addiction na\u00eet au plus profond de notre cerveau, dans le circuit \u00e0 l\u2019origine de la sensation de plaisir ou de r\u00e9compense. De nombreuses choses peuvent d\u00e9clencher ce circuit et, chez certaines personnes, cette r\u00e9action est trop forte. Elles ne parviennent plus \u00e0 se refuser le plaisir et reproduisent sans cesse les m\u00eames comportements menant \u00e0 une exp\u00e9rience agr\u00e9able.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le cerveau se transforme alors. La ma\u00eetrise de soi et la conscience de soi se d\u00e9r\u00e8glent. Une personne souffrant d\u2019addiction ne peut plus fonctionner normalement. Toutes sortes de choses, comme l\u2019hygi\u00e8ne personnelle ou les finances, deviennent secondaires par rapport \u00e0 l\u2019addiction.<\/span><\/p>\n

La vuln\u00e9rabilit\u00e9 \u00e0 l\u2019addiction varie d\u2019une personne \u00e0 l\u2019autre. Une vie stressante ou malheureuse, l\u2019\u00e9ducation, le milieu social, des \u00e9v\u00e9nements marquants ou encore les g\u00e8nes jouent un r\u00f4le dans ce processus.<\/span><\/p>\n

En finir avec l\u2019addiction<\/span><\/p>\n

Pour se lib\u00e9rer d\u2019une addiction, l\u2019acceptation de celle-ci constitue la premi\u00e8re \u00e9tape, et la plus importante. Sans cela, rien ne changera. C\u2019est aussi une question de faire ce que l\u2019on peut. Il vaut parfois mieux r\u00e9duire sa consommation de cigarettes plut\u00f4t que d\u2019arr\u00eater brutalement du jour au lendemain.<\/span><\/p>\n

Aux m\u00e9decins g\u00e9n\u00e9ralistes, Dean Burnett conseille d\u2019\u00eatre conscients des repr\u00e9sentations st\u00e9r\u00e9otyp\u00e9es. Jusqu\u2019\u00e0 r\u00e9cemment, la tendance ou la disposition \u00e0 des comportements criminels faisait partie des crit\u00e8res associ\u00e9s \u00e0 l\u2019addiction. C\u2019est absurde selon lui, car cela assimile les personnes souffrant d\u2019addiction \u00e0 des criminels. Une addiction peut toucher n\u2019importe qui, pas seulement les criminels ou les personnes pauvres.<\/span><\/p>\n

Quoi qu\u2019il en soit, il reste difficile pour les m\u00e9decins g\u00e9n\u00e9ralistes d\u2019aider une personne souffrant d\u2019addiction dans le cadre d\u2019une consultation d\u2019\u00e0 peine trente minutes. Surtout lorsque cette personne se trouve encore dans une phase de d\u00e9ni.<\/span><\/p>\n

\u00c9volutions dans l\u2019approche et la consommation<\/span><\/p>\n

Nous savons d\u00e9sormais que l\u2019addiction est plus que la simple consommation : le contexte compte aussi. Le cerveau associe le plaisir procur\u00e9 par la drogue au rituel de son administration. Une personne souffrant d\u2019addiction aux drogues \u00e9prouve \u00e9galement du plaisir dans ce rituel. Les soignants doivent en tenir compte dans le traitement, affirme Dean Burnett.<\/span><\/p>\n

Le scientifique constate une augmentation du nombre d\u2019addictions \u00e0 l\u2019alcool. L\u2019alcool est la drogue la plus accessible ; sa consommation est socialement accept\u00e9e et m\u00eame encourag\u00e9e. Pourtant, l\u2019addiction la plus importante reste l\u2019addiction non chimique, comme l\u2019addiction au jeu ou aux jeux vid\u00e9o.<\/span><\/p>\n

La pand\u00e9mie de coronavirus a \u00e9galement entra\u00een\u00e9 une hausse des addictions. L\u2019autom\u00e9dication pour lutter contre le stress du confinement, par exemple. Les gens boivent aussi davantage d\u2019alcool ou fument un joint lorsqu\u2019ils ne se sentent pas bien, mais cela ne conduit pas n\u00e9cessairement \u00e0 une addiction.<\/span><\/p>\n

Davantage de compr\u00e9hension<\/span><\/p>\n

Parce que le terme \u00ab addiction \u00bb renforcerait la stigmatisation, les professionnels de la sant\u00e9 mentale utilisent aujourd\u2019hui le mot \u00ab d\u00e9pendance \u00bb. Ce n\u2019est pas exactement la m\u00eame chose que l\u2019\u00ab addiction \u00bb, dans laquelle la personne a besoin du produit pour fonctionner.<\/span><\/p>\n

La soci\u00e9t\u00e9 consid\u00e8re encore souvent les personnes souffrant d\u2019addiction comme des individus ayant fait un mauvais choix ; \u00eatre addict serait donc de leur propre faute. Mais l\u2019addiction n\u2019est pas un choix. Peu \u00e0 peu, une plus grande compr\u00e9hension \u00e9merge n\u00e9anmoins. La prise de conscience grandit : l\u2019addiction est une maladie grave. Une lumi\u00e8re appara\u00eet \u00e0 l\u2019horizon !<\/span><\/p>\n

Cet article est le r\u00e9sum\u00e9 d\u2019un entretien r\u00e9alis\u00e9 par Karolien Selhorst.<\/span><\/p>\n

Dean Burnett \u2013 Photo Sarah Breeze<\/span><\/p>\n

Vous trouverez davantage d\u2019informations sur Dean Burnett sur :<\/span> www.deanburnett.com<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n

L\u2019entretien complet a \u00e9t\u00e9 publi\u00e9 en deux parties en anglais sur le site litt\u00e9raire du docteur Van Breusegem, alias Dirk Van Babylon.<\/span><\/p>\n

Partie 1<\/span><\/p>\n

Partie 2<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dans son tout dernier livre \u00ab Psychologica \u00bb, le neuroscientifique Dean Burnett consacre un chapitre \u00e9clairant \u00e0 l\u2019addiction. 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